The best-known connection proposed between Muskogean and other languages is Mary Haas' Gulf hypothesis, in which she conceived of a macrofamily comprising Muskogean and a number of language isolates of the southeastern US: Atakapa, Chitimacha, Tunica, and Natchez.

Language loss occurred over time. Haas reconstructed it as a voiceless /n/ (that is, */n̥/), based partly on presumed cognates in Natchez.[11][30]. Although Chickasaw is sometimes listed as a dialect of Choctaw, more extensive documentation of Chickasaw has shown that Choctaw and … [11][28] */kʷ/ appears as /b/ in all the daughter languages except Creek for which it is /k/ initially and /p/ medially.

Sturtevant 1994, referenced in Campbell 1997, pg. Verbs mark for first and second person, as well as agent and patient (Choctaw also marks for dative). Haas, Mary.

No matter what your Creek translation needs are, Translation Services USA can provide for them. In Crawford (ed.) Only a few sources attempt to bring information together on a representative sample of southeastern languages.

[8] The classification is reflected in the list below:[11], A third proposed classification is that of Geoffrey Kimball, who envisions a threeway split among the languages, with "Western Muskogean" (Choctaw-Chickasaw), "Eastern Muskogean" (Creek-Seminole), and "Central Muskogean" (Alabama-Koasati and Hitchiti-Mikasuki). Muskogean (also Muskhogean, Muskogee) is a language family spoken in different areas of the Southeastern United States.
Plurality of a noun agent is marked by either affixation on the verb or an innately plural verbal stem: Innately-numbered verbal stems, Mikasuki: Below is a list of basic vocabulary in five Muskogean languages from Broadwell (1992):[31]. & Pamela Munro. Proto-Muskogean reconstructions by Booker (2005): "Muskogean" redirects here. Chickasaw is a Muskogean language, and Chickasaw and Choctaw together form the Western branch of the Muskogean language family.

Overviews and Bibliographies. Did you know?


Translation for 'Muskogee' in the free Spanish-English dictionary and many other English translations. "Southeastern Indian Languages". In Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine (eds.).

149, Dr. Chester B. DePratter, "The Foundation, Occupation, and Abandonment of Yamasee Indian Towns in the South Carolina Lowcountry, 1684-1715", Reconstructing Proto-Muskogean Language and Prehistory: Preliminary Results, The Native Languages of the Southeastern United States, Hopewell Culture National Historical Park, Indigenous language families and isolates, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muskogean_languages&oldid=972468734, Indigenous languages of the North American Southeast, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

All our dictionaries are bidirectional, meaning that you can look up words in both languages at the same time. Chester B. DePratter describes the Yamasee as consisting mainly of speakers of Hitchiti and Guale. Moreover, bab.la provides the English-Swedish dictionary for more translations. Third-persons (he, she, it) have a null-marker. "Introduction". Chickasaw is also related to Alabama, Koasati, Mvskoke (Creek)—Seminole, Hitchiti and Mikasuki. (2005).

A vocabulary of the Houma may be another underdocumented Western Muskogean language or a version of Mobilian Jargon.

Copyright © IDM 2020, unless otherwise noted. Families with more than 30 languages are in, This page was last edited on 12 August 2020, at 07:15. Muskogean languages, family of perhaps six North American Indian languages spoken or formerly spoken across much of what is now the southeastern United States. in Hardy & Scancarelli eds., pp. [8] That classification is reflected in the list below:[9][10], A more recent and controversial classification has been proposed by Pamela Munro. One documented language, Apalachee, is extinct and the remaining languages are critically endangered. If so, that would be the most eastern outpost of Muskogean. It contains sketches of Chickasaw, Choctaw, Alabama, and Muskogee, each with an analyzed text, as well as descriptions of Proto-Muskogean phonology and morphology. Creek Language Facts: The Creek language, also known as Muscogee (Mvskoke in Creek), is a Muskogean language spoken by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Indians in Florida and Oklahoma.

Sturtevant, William C. (1994).

Nasal vowels have a more restricted distribution than oral vowels. The value of the proto-phoneme conventionally written ⟨θ⟩ (or ⟨N⟩) is unknown;[29] it appears as /n/ in Western Muskogean languages and as /ɬ/ in Eastern Muskogean languages.

Muskogean verbs have a complex ablaut system; the verbal stem almost always changes depending on aspect; less commonly, it is affected by tense or modality. For the indigenous people, see, Pre-contact distribution of Muskogean languages. The Muskogean family consists of six languages that are still spoken: Alabama, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek-Seminole, Koasati, and Mikasuki, as well as the now-extinct Apalachee, Houma, and Hitchiti (the last is generally considered a dialect of Mikasuki).

The Choctaw language, traditionally spoken by the Native American Choctaw tribe of the southeastern United States, is a member of the Muskogean family. We are working on a second chart transcribed into IPA symbols. "Proto-Muskogean Morphology". Table 5. Hardy, Heather & Janine Scancarelli. Muskogean language: The word Muskogean language exists in our database, but we currently do not have a translation from English to Spanish.. Synonyms for "muskogean language": Muskhogean; Muskhogean language; Muskogean; Muskogean language; Amerind; Amerindian language; American-Indian language; American Indian; Indian In Muskogean linguistics, the different forms are known as "grades.". Useful phrases translated from English into 28 languages. Or learning new words is more your thing? [19][20][21], Sparse evidence indicates that a Muskogean language was spoken by at least some of the people of the paramount chiefdom of Cofitachequi in northeastern South Carolina.

(Ed.).

In the 16th century Koasati (Coushatta) and Alabama were probably spoken in what is now northern Alabama, and Creek (Muskogee) and Mikasuki were spoken in Alabama and Georgia. bab.la arrow_drop_down.

Crawford, James M. (1975b).

Translation Memory.

The Muskogean languages all have the vowel phonemes in Table 5.

(2005). bab.la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar. Typologically, Muskogean languages are agglutinative. Hardy and Scancarelli 2005 is the best introduction to the Muskogean family. Sturtevant, William C. Mvskoke Language Program PO BOX 580 Okmulgee, OK 74447 (918) 732-7649. While well-known, the Gulf grouping is now generally rejected by historical linguists. Muskogean (also Muskhogean, Muskogee) is an indigenous language family of the Southeastern United States.Though there is an ongoing debate concerning their interrelationships, the Muskogean languages are generally divided into two branches, Eastern Muskogean and Western Muskogean.

[18], The Pensacola and Chatot (or Chacato) people are reported to have spoken the same Muskogean language, which may have been closely related to Choctaw. (1978–present). [17] The historian Steven Oatis also describes the Yamasee as an ethnically mixed group that included people from Muskogean-speaking regions, such as the early colonial-era native towns of Hitchiti, Coweta, and Cussita. The people of Cofitichequi were probably absorbed by nearby Siouan and Iroquoian speakers in the late 17th century.[22].


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