One of Laud's early moves was to bring in his own men as censors: Samuel Baker (who was chaplain to William Juxon), William Bray and Matthew Weeks. He officiated at Charles' coronation in place of Bishop Williams, the dean of Westminster, who had fallen from favour, and preached sermons at the opening of the parliaments of 1625 and 1626. His benefactor, Charles I, would, of course, meet the same end in 1649. He was the son of a wealthy cloth merchant, also named William Laud, and his wife Lucy (née Webb), sister of Sir William Webb, who became lord-mayor of London in 1591.
Laud's love of ceremony and harmonious liturgy—the "beauty of holiness"—was favoured by King Charles because it encouraged obedience to the King's authority as head of the church.
Whereas Wentworth (who became the Earl of Strafford in early 1640) saw the political dangers of Puritanism, Laud saw the Calvinist movement's threat to the episcopacy. Although Laud's severity was often exaggerated by his critics, he was intolerant of opposition and made full use of the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission to punish dissidents. Laud favoured scholars, was a major collector of manuscripts, and pursued ecumenical contacts with the Greek Orthodox Church. [1], Emeritus Professor at Cambridge, Patrick Collinson, an expert in Elizabethan Puritans, in 1980 published this rebuke of Laud in his book on the decades until 1625: "the greatest calamity ever visited upon the English Church".[28]. Laud was born at Reading, Berkshire on 7 October 1573, the only son of William Laud, a clothier,[1] and Lucy, born Webbe, widow of John Robinson, another clothier of the town, and sister of Sir William Webbe, Lord Mayor of London. [9], Laud ascended rapidly to a position of influence in the period 1626 to 1628, advancing not alone but with a group of like-minded clerics who obtained bishoprics. When Laud was going through his exercises as candidate for the degree of Bachelor in Divinity, in 1604, he contended “that there could be no true churches without diocesan episcopacy.” For this the young aspirant was sharply and publicly rebuked by Dr Holland, who presided on the occasion; and who severely reprehended the future Primate of All England as "one who sought to sow discord among brethren, and between the Church of England and the Reformed Churches abroad. Contrary to Laud's expectation, Williams refused to resign as Bishop of Lincoln, and the Lords forced his release, after which Williams supported the impeachment of both Strafford (Wentworth) and Laud. Change ). Pagkakaiba ng pagsulat ng ulat at sulating pananaliksik? Copyright © 2020 Multiply Media, LLC. Apart from a few personal enemies like William Prynne (and possibly Archbishop Williams), Parliament showed little anxiety to proceed against Laud; given his age (68 in 1641), most members would probably have preferred to leave him to die of natural causes. Laud was put on trial for trying to subvert the laws of England and endangering the Protestant faith.

Thus, they had the unintended consequence of garnering support for the most implacable opponents of the Anglican compromise. Queen Henrietta Maria disliked him, and his tendencies to fussiness and pomposity made him an easy target for mockery by more sophisticated courtiers. By Abigail Sparkes.

In matters of church polity, Laud was autocratic.

[4], Neile was Laud's consistent patron. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714 Labdon-Ledsam, "Archival material relating to William Laud", Nicholas (Archdeacon of Cambridge, Huntingdon and Hertford), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Laud&oldid=981418697, People associated with the Bodleian Library, People convicted under a bill of attainder, People executed by Stuart England by decapitation, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from January 2018, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 October 2020, at 05:50. William Laud, 7 October 1573 to 10 January 1645, was a priest in the Church of England, appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by Charles I in 1633. Laud believed that he was restoring discipline and order to the Church of England according to the rules laid down in the earliest days of the English Reformation. In 1626 he was translated from St David's to be Bishop of Bath and Wells and in September that year he took the court position of Dean of the Chapel Royal, vacant by the death of Lancelot Andrewes. Laud was executed on Tower Hill on January 10, 1645. [2] He graduated B.A. Laud's theology was influenced by the teachings of the Dutch theologian Jacob Arminius (1560-1609), who emphasised free will over predestination and an acceptance of ordered and uniform practices of worship. Prynne reinterpreted the "SL" ("Seditious Libeller") branded on his forehead as "Stigmata Laudis". He was the most prominent of a new generation of churchmen who disliked many of the ritual practices which had developed during the reign of Elizabeth the First (many of which began during… Amen, Thanks for dropping by! In this climate, Laud's high church policy could be seen as sinister. The younger William Laud was educated at the free borough school of that town. Laud has both. The English prelate William Laud (1573-1645) was archbishop of Canterbury and architect of Charles I's personal government. Laud attended the grammar school at Reading, then studied theology at St John's College, Oxford. A key advocate of Charles's religious reforms, he was arrested by Parliament in 1640, and executed towards the end of the First English Civil War in January 1645. His strong positions were the focus of attack during his trial in 1644.

Commemorative silver medal struck after the Restoration depicting the apotheosis of Charles the First, preceded by Archbishop Laud.

In 1593 he became a fellow of the college. William Laud, 1573-1645, was Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of King Charles I of England and regarded by many as an Anglican martyr. On the morning of 12 May, he watched from a window as his friend Strafford was led to his execution. Appointed as Archbishop in 1633, Laud shared Charles I’s “high church” views of church governance by bishops and uniformity of worship according to the Book of Common Prayer. Looking beyond England, Laud insisted upon conformity from congregations in Ireland and Scotland, and even from the American colonies. ( Log Out /  All rights reserved. His tutor was John Buckeridge, one of a group of theologians who led a reaction against Puritanism which influenced Laud's later policies for the reform of church liturgy. [11], In July 1628 Laud was translated from Bath and Wells to become Bishop of London, in moves that followed on from the death of Andrewes. [15] It is in this correspondence, in 1633, that the term "Thorough" appears. He was imprisoned for four years and finally tried, not by a court, but by Parliament (Charles I had control of the courts and the outcome would not have been satisfactory to his opponents.) ….. . Ano ang pinakamaliit na kontinente sa mundo? United under the National Covenant of 1638, the Scots repulsed King Charles' attempt to impose his authority by military force in the Bishops' Wars of 1639-40. archbishop of Canterbury, born at Reading, son of a clothier; studied at and became a Fellow of St. John s College, Oxford, was ordained in 1601; early gave evidence of his High Church proclivities and his hostility to the Puritans, whom for… His use of the Star Chamber to persecute opponents like William Prynne made him deeply unpopular. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Srinivasa Ramanujan Institute of Technology, William Laud was an English bishop and academic, He was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633, during the personal rule of Charles I, Arrested in 1640, he was executed in 1645, In matters of church polity, Laud was autocratic, Laudianism refers to a collection of rules on matters of ritual, in particular, that were enforced by Laud in order to maintain uniform worship in England and Wales, in line with the king's preferences, They were precursors to later High Church views, In theology, Laud was accused of being an Arminian and opponent of Calvinism, as well as covertly favouring Roman Catholic doctrines (see Arminianism in the Church of England), Laud favoured scholars, and was a major collector of manuscripts, He pursued ecumenical contacts with the Greek Orthodox Church, The pun "give great praise to the Lord, and little Laud to the devil" is a warning to King Charles attributed to Archibald Armstrong, the official court jester.

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He was the son of a wealthy cloth merchant, also named William Laud, and his wife Lucy (née Webb), sister of Sir William Webb, who became lord-mayor of London in 1591. Today, scholars and historians either hate all 5’2” inches of him or they love him. / Died: 10 January 1645: William Laud facts. Often highly ritualistic, these were precursors to what are now known as High Church views. Laud was not impressed with the state of the Roman Church, so he declined. William Ladd attended Exeter Academy, graduating in 1793 at the age of 15.… It would seem that Laud’s influence would have ended with his death, but when the Puritans were put out of power, it was the Church that Laud had somewhat envisioned that was restored. How did William Laud come by his tortoise?

During the eleven-year Personal Rule, Laud worked closely with the King to root out nonconformity. Why Was Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud Imprisoned? in 1594, M.A. [18] Cottington observed that Laud could not keep his temper in Council meetings, and by 1637 Laud found he could not follow Wentworth in imagining their push for rigid policies would succeed. [21][22] The operations of the censors, including William Haywood who joined them, became a focus of the Long Parliament as soon as it was convened in November 1640, and Laud ultimately had to answer for Haywood at his own trial.[23][24]. His bitter enemy Prynne was granted full access to his papers and diaries but could not find evidence to prove him guilty of treason. © John Toles and Candle in a Cave, (2019). Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. On all three grounds, he was regarded by Puritan clerics and laymen as a formidable and dangerous opponent.

How long will the footprints on the moon last? Riots broke out in Edinburgh when Laud's new prayer book and liturgy were introduced in July 1637. William Laud was the son of a Reading clothier. William Prynne's ears are a topic of fascination. An example is the surplice controversy. [27] [17] There were opponents at court: Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland, Francis Cottington, 1st Baron Cottington and Queen Henrietta Maria. 11:8) Laud was convicted by a bill of attainder by Parliament instead of a jury. He immediately changed the Cha… Laud attended the grammar school at Reading, then studied theology at St John's College, Oxford. In December 1621, he succeeded his friend, William Laud, as President (i.e. Blessed William Laud the Archbishop was also killed by Act of parliament for religious reasons January 1646. Anthony Milton, William Laud, Oxford DNB, 2004, C.V. Wedgwood, The King's Peace (London 1955), Van Dyck's portrait of Archbishop Laud: Mercurius Politicus blog, Home | Timelines | Biography | Military | Church & State In a three-day series of private debates with Percy in 1622, Laud was introduced to argue the Protestant case on the final day; pamphlets followed.


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